Electrolysis is used to electroplate objects. This is useful for coating a cheaper metal with a more expensive one, such as copper or silver.
How it works
- The negative electrode should be the object that is to be electroplated
- The positive electrode should be the metal that you want to coat the object with
- The electrolyte should be a solution of the coating metal, such as its metal nitrate or sulfate
Here are two examples.
Electroplating with silver
The object to be plated, such as a metal spoon, is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. A piece of silver is connected to the positive terminal. The electrolyte is silver nitrate solution.
Electroplating with copper
The object to be plated, such as a metal pan, is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. A piece of copper is connected to the positive terminal. The electrolyte is coppersulfate solution.
This arrangement can also be used to purify copper during copper manufacture. In this case, both electrodes are made from copper. The negative electrode gradually gets coated with pure copper as the positive electrode gradually disappears. The animation shows how this works:
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