The principle of conservation of mass lets you calculate the theoretical mass of product expected in a chemical reaction. However, it is not always possible in practice to get the entire calculated amount of product. This is because:
- Reversible reactions may not go to completion
- Some product may be lost when it is removed from the reaction mixture
- Some of the reactants may react in an unexpected way
Yield
The yield of a reaction is the mass of product obtained:
- The theoretical yield is the maximum theoretical mass of product in a reaction (calculated using the idea of conservation of mass)
- The actual yield is the mass of product you get when you actually do the reaction
The percentage yield is the ratio of actual mass of products obtained compared with the maximum theoretical mass.
Percentage yield - Higher tier
The percentage yield of a reaction is calculated using this equation:
percentage yield = (actual mass of product) ÷ (theoretical mass of product) × 100
For example, the maximum theoretical mass of product in a certain reaction is 20 g, but only 15 g is actually obtained.
Percentage yield = 15 ÷ 20 × 100 = 75%
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2 comments:
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Wow.... Superb and explained very clearly .
Thank you so much. Very useful.
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